Infectious diseases occur when harmful microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites enter the body and multiply. These can spread through contaminated food, water, air, or close contact with an infected person. Poor hygiene, weak immunity, and seasonal changes also increase the risk.
To confirm the infection, doctors may recommend blood tests, cultures, imaging scans, or rapid diagnostic kits depending on the symptoms. Identifying the specific organism helps in selecting the correct line of treatment.
Treatment usually involves antibiotics, antivirals, or antifungal medicines along with supportive care like hydration, fever control, and rest. In some cases, hospitalization is needed for severe infections. Timely intervention prevents complications and controls the spread.
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